El presente texto señala algunas de las categorías fundamentales de la crítica de arte de Octavio Paz entre 1950 y 1967 como aparición y poesía, para demostrar que la noción de “ruptura” se retoma en la década de los sesenta para realizar un cuestionamiento profundo a la modernidad mexicana, sugiriendo una teoría de la posmodernidad y de la neovanguardia local. Además del texto llamado “Tamayo en la pintura mexicana” (1950), se hará referencia a otros cinco ensayos escritos en la década (...) del sesenta, en los que se puede encontrar un programa y una conceptualización de su crítica, sustentada en lecturas que realiza de Kant, Heidegger y del estructuralismo, entre otros, cuya influencia es evidente. Además, se señalará que la crítica de arte de Paz es constitutiva de su pensamiento general. (shrink)

El presente texto señala algunas de las categorías fundamentales de la crítica de arte de Octavio Paz entre 1950 y 1967 como aparición y poesía, para demostrar que la noción de “ruptura” se retoma en la década de los sesenta para realizar un cuestionamiento profundo a la modernidad mexicana, sugiriendo una teoría de la posmodernidad y de la neovanguardia local. Además del texto llamado “Tamayo en la pintura mexicana” (1950), se hará referencia a otros cinco ensayos escritos en la década (...) del sesenta, en los que se puede encontrar un programa y una conceptualización de su crítica, sustentada en lecturas que realiza de Kant, Heidegger y del estructuralismo, entre otros, cuya influencia es evidente. Además, se señalará que la crítica de arte de Paz es constitutiva de su pensamiento general. (shrink)

Se recogen en este estudio algunas observaciones relativas a la naturaleza referencial del arte como símbolo, partiendo de las consideraciones de Cassirer y Gadamer. La inquietud es determinar si la abstracción le resta a la obra de arte su carácter mimético y por tanto, su naturaleza simbólica; dado que el símbolo se ha asumido en ocasiones como un indicador del mundo conocido.

A disciplina Filosofia no ensino secundário/médio brasileiro apresenta um movimento de intermitência caracterizado ora pela presença garantida, ora pela presença indefinida e ora pela ausência garantida, tal como define Dalton José Alves. Analisar esse fenômeno pela perspectiva da história das disciplinas escolare,s sob a compreensão de Chervel e Goodson, foi o objetivo deste trabalho. Para a investigação utilizou-se como fontes as leis de reformas do ensino secundário brasileiro, os programas da disciplina e a distribuição da carga horária destinada ao seu (...) ensino determinadas pelas reformas. Concluiu-se que essa intermitência foi favorecida pelas políticas governamentais liberais de cunho desenvolvimentista, pela ausência de um corpus academicus que sustentasse a Filosofia enquanto disciplina na Educação Básica brasileira e pela aparente inadequação do saber filosófico à proposta da escola moderna. (shrink)

Environmental protection is not just about big media and political campaigns. There is a silent public that has begun to change attitudes, rescue old habits and adapt them to different areas of this globalized world . A cultural change where the reuse of discarded objects, through craft and educational activities serves to launch a series of links and social ties. Studying the recycling of plastic bags, anthropology can restore those curious organizational processes, social practices, visible only from field work continued.

What culinary shifts in the network consulting prescription or buying food. Migration and food have an intimate relationship in the Internet-based exchange of knowledge and conflicts of identity. Anthropological work is framed in a suburb of Barcelona. It describes the daily displayed in grocery stores and cibers scenarios where cooking is an important unsuspected forcing the observer to perform their task with an ethnographic perspective more open and heterodox, incorporating new concepts and recognizing the complexity of a different reality.

As a result of an anecdote happened in an ecological product store, grass and meals when the fieldwork was carried on migration and food. There different planes are concatenated from the investigation that lead to contemplate the relation of the intellectual property, the migration, the paper of the investigator and the data type that takes shelter habitually. All this is exposed in the article that indicates the continuous lack of humor and happiness in the ethnological analyses, like object or context, (...) as much in the same data as in the executors of the work. It is investigated, then, and in addition it is considered, a route of supervision of the work of oriented field to limit, not only this a absence in any ethnography and the necessity to elaborate an epistemologic corpus that takes care of these in the initial perspective here. (shrink)

El siguiente artículo desarrolla la comprensión de la compasión desde la perspectiva de dos filósofos contemporáneos: M. Nussbaum y E. Levinas. Exponiendo sus planteamientos, la autora pretende hacer dialogar la filosofía neo aristotélica con la filosofía de la alteridad, para luego presentar su propio balance crítico. Desde la teoría de las emociones como «levantamientos geológicos del pensar» de Nussbaum y la «metaética» levinasiana acerca de la responsabilidad ilimitada por el otro vulnerable, se elabora el pensamiento de cada autor sobre la (...) compasión como característica esencialmente humana y humanizadora. (shrink)

In this paper I try to defend McDowell’s empiricism from a certain objection made by Davidson, Stroud and Glüer. The objection states that experiences cannot be reasons because they are—as McDowell conceives them—inert. I argue that, even though there is something correct in the objection, that is not sufficient for rejecting the epistemological character that McDowell attributes to experiences. My strategy consists basically in showing that experiences involve a constitutive attitude of acceptance of their contents.

According to Rorty, Davidson and Brandom, to have an experience is to be caused by our senses to hold a perceptual belief. This article argues that the phenomenon of seeing-as cannot be explained by such a conception of perceptual experience. First, the notion of experience defended by the aforementioned authors is reconstructed. Second, the main features of what Wittgenstein called “seeing aspects” are briefly presented. Finally, several arguments are developed in order to support the main thesis of the article: seeing-as (...) cannot be explained by the conception of experience defended by Rorty, Davidson and Brandom. (shrink)

En este artículo se presenta una ontología según la cual el mundo actual no es el único real, pero, al contrario que en la ontología de Lewis, no todos los mundos son reales, porque muchos de ellos siguen siendo mundos meramente posibles. Tras examinar cuidadosamente los pros y contras de los diferentes tipos de actualismo y posibilismo, esta nueva concepción posibilista (el multiposibilismo actual) es elaborada y defendida contra algunas objeciones. El punto de partida es que los mundos posibles sí (...) que incluyen individuos no actuales, y no únicamente estados de cosas no actualizados acerca de individuos actuales. Y el núcleo de la teoría consiste en conceder que muchos mundos son reales por igual, y ontológica y nomológicamente independientes entre sí, pero que la mayoría de ellos genera su propia serie de mundos posibles pero no actualizados inter-relacionados. De esta manera, permanecen intactas nuestras inuiciones metafísicas más profundas (como la identidad transmundana, la contingencia -tanto lógica como metafísica- del mundo actual, o los principios de la lógica clásica), pero existe una respuesta a la pregunta: "¿por qué precisamente el mundo actual es el real?" al negar que solamente él sea real. Al final del artículo se ponen de manifiesto algunas de las ventajas y del potencial ontológico y teológico de esta hipótesis. (shrink)

La creencia en la resurrección de los muertos es central para las religiones abrahámicas. Al estar actualmente desacreditada la noción de alma, muchos filósofos cristianos materialistas se replantean la posibilidad de tal resurrección. Dos problemas fundamentales amenazan tal posibilidad: la discontinuidad espacio-temporal entre la muerte y la resurrección (que impediría esta última si fuera imposible una existencia intermitente para los seres humanos) y la degeneración, disgregación o incluso completa destrucción de los componentes materiales del cuerpo (que impediría la reconstrucción del (...) cuerpo original). Ambas cuestiones ponen en peligro la identidad numérica entre la persona muerta y la resucitada. Tras examinar diversas hipótesis recientes que intentan superar estas dificultades, constato que, o bien recurren a ideas disparatadas para asegurar la identidad, o asumen directamente que el cuerpo resucitado es una mera copia del original. Así, concluyo que, supuesta una concepción puramente corporalista de la persona, no parece viable ninguna noción de resurrección que preserve la identidad personal. (shrink)

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between rhythmic movements and deictic gestures at the end of the first year of life, and to focus on their unimodal or multimodal character. We hypothesize that multimodal rhythmic movement performed with an object in the hand can facilitate the transition to the first deictic gestures. Twenty-three children were observed at 9 and 12 months of age in a naturalistic play situation with their mother or father. Results showed that rhythmic (...) movements with objects in the hand are a frequent behavior in children's repertoires. Rhythmic behaviors tend to decrease from 9 to 12 months, specifically when they are unimodal. Multimodal rhythmic behavior production at 9 months is positively related with proximal deictic gestures 3 months later. Multimodal rhythmic movements are not directly related to distal deictic gestures, but are indirectly related via proximal deictic gestures. These results highlight the relevance of multimodal behaviors in the transition to the use of early gestures, and can be considered as a transitional phenomenon between the instrumental action and early communicative gestures. (shrink)

Starting with its tenth volume, Philosophical Issues will be a yearly one-volume supplement to Nous. Each year it will be devoted to invited papers and book symposia in a specific area of philosophy. The yearly has attained distinction through the uniformly high quality of its previous nine volumes and the fact that its authors include many of the most distinguished philosophers active today. The topic of Volume 10 is controversies at the interface of epistemology with philosophy of language and philosophy (...) of mind, including discussion of the sorites paradox and linguistic contextualism on attributions of knowledge. (shrink)

Este trabajo analiza la historicidad del lenguaje como prioridad ontológica del humanismo retórico . Esta indagación se proyecta en el seguimiento de la relación que establece Unamuno entre la palabra y el pensamiento.This work analyses the historicity of language as an ontological priority of rhetorical humanism . The research is linked to the relationship established by Unamuno between word and thought.

'Economics and the Mind' brings economists and philosophers of the mind together to explore the intersection of their disciplines.

In her article “Human Rights and the Legitimacy of Global Governance Institutions” published in this volume of RLPF, Cristina Lafont argues that in order to impose human rights obligations to global governance institutions, the state-centric conception of human rights that pervades current international politics must be replaced by an alternative, pluralist account. In this response I claim that, when properly interpreted, the state-centric conception is not only perfectly compatible with imposing on global governance institutions the kind of obligations Lafont has (...) in mind, but may also lead us to a better understanding of the nature of these responsibilities in a globalized world. (shrink)

The last technological developments have introduced a huge amount of hardware, communication systems, and information systems into life of human beings. But also has brought a multiplicity of images, objects and sensitive experiences having a direct effect in social life. It can be said that this amount of current elements deserve to be analyzed in order to try to clarify the nature of information technology and its political impact. That means that far over history of scientific developments, it is precise (...) to take into account a critical task of the role of the information techniques in different levels of society (moral, social and economic levels), but after all the role playing in the way we perceive the world. For that, we treat some of the technological developments related to virtual reality; then, we handle the concept of simulation, and finally we establish the distinction between reality and virtuality. (shrink)